What Is Redox Signaling Procedure And What Is Its Importance To Our Body
Redox Signaling refers to the process in which reactive oxygen species, free radicals and other electronically activated radicals serve as messengers in the biological system. It is basically the process that shows how cells in our body respond to oxidants and free radicals. Redox signaling is a consistent and crucial process, through which human cells connect with each other and carry out essential body functions.
Redox Signaling Molecules - What are they?
There are 2 types of Signaling molecules - "communicator" and "activator". These two play the role of messengers and are responsible for the connection between cells throughout our body. Also known as Signaling molecules, they switch on the body's antioxidant compounds - Glutathione, Catalase and SOD.
In simpler terms, Redox signaling molecules are substances that are produced organically within each cell of the body. When the cells are necessary to perform various functions, they generate two kinds of signaling molecules.
The initial set of "activator" molecules trigger the antioxidants stored in the body. Antioxidants are very effective in fighting off the impairment caused by free radicals and oxidative stress; however they can't function except if activated by the signaling molecules. Therefore you require the Redox signaling 'activator' molecules to get the antioxidants to work.
The second set of "communicator" molecules is accountable for enabling proper communication between the cells of the body, making sure optimum performance of the immune system and safeguarding the body against external stimuli such as harmful viruses, bacteria etc. The millions of cells in our body are in a position to properly communicate and function because of the Redox signaling molecules.
Why is Redox signaling so important?
Both the internal and external factors such as toxic chemicals, stress bacterial infections, poor nutrition etc affect our health in an undesirable way. This causes substantial cellular damage and a reduction in Redox signaling molecules. Without an enough supply of Redox signaling molecules the immune system and antioxidants are unable to function effectively, leading to a vast range of health ailments.
Researchers and scientists worldwide have been conducting several researches on the Redox signaling molecules to understand more about their structure, effect and function with respect to human health. Let us take a look at some of the popular researches on this subject:
Blue-eyed, White Cats are Deaf
Charles Darwin, the father of evolution had pointed out "white cats with blue eyes are almost deaf". He proposed that developmental issues with the nervous system might be the cause of deafness in the white, blue-eyed cats. But scientists believe it has something to do with the Redox signaling process, as Central nervous system growth is a messenger-mediated procedure and so is the melanin synthesis.
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Study by Hoffer and Osmond
The first instance of Redox processes being engaged in cell signaling was given by Hoffer and Osmond. As per the Adrenochrome hypothesis, "psychoactive oxidative items of catecholamines (adrenochromes) play a part in schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric diseases". While the proposed hypothesis still continues to be in question, the simple fact that messenger-mediated oxidative stress can result in neuropsychiatric diseases, has been proven correct.
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